by Edward F. Hills
(1912-1981)

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• PREFACE

   

• INTRODUCTION: TEXTUAL CRITICISM AND CHRISTIAN FAITH
  1. The Importance Of Doctrine
  2. Two Methods Of New Testament Textual Criticism

  CHAPTER

   

• I. God's Three-Fold Revelation of Himself
  1. In Nature God Reveals Himself As The Almighty Creator God
     (a) What the Bible Teaches Concerning Astronomy
     (b) What the Bible Teaches concerning the Fossils
     (c) What the Bible Teaches Concerning Space and Time
     (d) What the Bible Teaches Concerning Causation and Chance
  2. In The Scriptures God Reveals Himself As The Faithful Covenant God
     (a) The Covenant of Works
     (b) The Covenant of Grace
     (c) The Old Testament--Emphasis on the Covenant of Works
     (d)The New Testament--Emphasis on the Covenant of Grace
     (e) Future Provisions of the Covenant of Grace
  3. In The Gospel God Reveals Himself As The Triune Saviour God.
     (a) In the Gospel Christ Reveals Himself as Prophet
     (b) In the Gospel Christ Reveals Himself as Priest
     (c) In the Gospel Christ Reveals Himself as King

   

• II. A Short History of Unbelief
  1. Ancient Forms of Unbelief
     (a) False Sacrifices and the Growth of Heathenism
     (b) Eastern Philosophy--The Transmigration of Souls, Ancestor Worship
     (c) The Greek Philosophy--Materialism and Idealism
     (d) Philosophy of Aristotle
  2. Philosophy in the Early and Medieval Church
     (a) Philosophy in the Early Church
     (b) Doctrinal Decline--Priestcraft, Image Worship, the Papacy
     (c) The Rise and Progress of Mohammedanism
     (d) The Scholastic Philosophy--Faith and Reason
  3. Revelation and The Protestant Reformation
     (a) The Protestant Reformers and the Living Word of God
     (b) The Thirty Nine Articles and the Westminster Confession
     (c) The Decline of Protestantism--Dead Orthodoxy, Pietism, Modernism
  4. Modern Philosophy--The Neutral World-View
     (a) Rationalistic Philosophy--Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz
     (b) Empirical Philosophy--Lock, Berkeley, Hume
     (c) Critical Philosophy--Immanuel Kant
     (d) The Philosophy of History--Georg W.F. Hegel
     (e) Philosophy Since Hegel--Neo-Kantianism, Existentialism
  5. The Growth of Atheism--Materialism, Positivism, The Denial of Truth
     (a) Materialism--La Mettrie, Holbach, Moleschott, Vogt
     (b) The Origin of Life--Pasteur, Darwin, Huxley, Haeckel
     (c) Positivism--Comte, Russell, The Vienna Circle
     (d) Cybernetics--The Philosophy of Automation
     (e) Truth and Certainty, Probability and Error, Common and Saving Grace
     (f) Christian Truth Versus Godless Economic Theory
     (g) Victorious Faith!--The Difference Between Faith and Doubting
   

   

• III. A Short History of Modernism
  1. The Skeptical Tendency of Naturalistic New Testament Criticism
     (a) The Reformation Period--The Theological Approach
      to the New Testment Text
     (b) The Age of Rationalism--The Naturalistic Approach
      to the New Testment Text
     (c) The Age of Enlightenment--The Skeptical Approach
      to the New Testment Text
     (d) Wescott and Hort--The Light That Failed
     (e) New Testament Textual Criticism Since World War II
  2. Naturalistic Textual Criticism And Modernism
     (a) The Beginning of Modernism--The Denial of the Biblical Miracles
     (b) The Rejection of John's Gospel--The Tuebingen School
     (c) The Synoptic Problem--The Two-Document Theory
     (d) Old Testament Higher Criticism--Moses Versus J, E, D and P
     (e) Wellhausen's Reconstruction of the History of Israel
     (f) Modern Archaeological Discoveries--Barthianism
     (g) The Account of Moses' Death--Who Wrote It?
     (h) Jesus and the Critics
  3. Naturalistic Textual Criticism And Apologetics
     (a) Naturalistic Apologetics--The Fallacy of the Neutral Starting Point
     (b) The Butler-Paley Apologetic System
     (c) The Need for a Consistently Christian Apologetic System
     (d) How to Take Our Stand--Through the Logic of Faith
   

   

• IV. A Christian View of the Biblical Text
  1. The Principles of Believing Bible Study
     (a) The Infallible Inspiration of the Scriptures
     (b) The Eternal Origin of the Scriptures
     (c) The Providential Preservation of the Scriptures
  2. How the Old Testament Text Was Preserved
     (a) How the Priests Preserved the Old Testament Text
     (b) The Traditional (Masoretic) Hebrew Text of the Old Testament
     (c) The Greek Old Testament (Septuagint)
     (d) The Latin Old Testament (Vulgate)--The Apocrypha
     (e) The Pseudepigrapha--Enoch, Michael the Archangel, Jannes and Jambres
     (f) Manuscripts of the Hebrew Old Testament--The Dead Sea Scrolls
  3. How The New Testament Text Was Preserved
     (a) The Universal Priesthood of Believers
     (b) The Writing of the New Testament Books
     (c) The Formation of the New Testament Canon
     (d) The Preservation of the New Testament Text
     (e) Alternative Views of the Providential Preservation of the New Testament
     (f) The Prinicples of Consistently Christian New Testament Textual Criticism
     (g) New Testament Textual Criticism and Evangelism
     (h) Believing Bible Study on the Graduate Level--Christ and Grammar
   

   

• V. The Facts of New Testament Textual Criticism
  1. An Enumeration of the New Testament Documents
     (a) The Greek New Testament Manuscripts
     (b) Cataloguing the New Testament Manuscripts
     (c) Collating the New Testament Manuscripts
     (d) The Ancient New Testament Versions
     (e) The Quotations of the Church Fathers
     (f) Families of New Testament Documents
  2. The Early History of the Western Text
     (a) Western Additions to the New Testament Text
     (b) The Western Omissions
     (c) The Western and Casesarean Texts in Egypt
     (d) How to Take Our Stand--Through the Logic of Faith
  3. The Early History of the Alexandrian Text
     (a) Early Alterations in the Alexandrian Text
     (b) The Alexandrian Text Influenced by the Sahidic (Coptic) Version
     (c) Have True Readings Been Hiding for Centuries in the Papyri?
     (d) Christ's Agony and Bloody Sweat
     (e) Christ's Prayer for His Murderers
     (f) The Only Begotten Son Versus Only Begotten God
     (g) Son of God Versus Holy One of God
     (h) Other Heretical Readings in the Alexandrian Text
   

   

• VI. Dean Burgon and the Tradtional New Testament Text
  1. Christ's Reply To The Rich Young Man (Matt. 19:16-17)
  2. The Angel At the Pool (John 5:3b-4)
  3. The Conclusion of the Lord's Prayer (Matt. 6:13b)
     (a) External Evidence in Favor of Matt. 6:13b
     (b) Is the Conclusion of the Lord's Prayer a Jewish Formula?
     (c) The Testimony of the Ancient Versions and of the Didache
     (d) The Liturgical Use of the Lord's Prayer
  4. The Woman Taken in Adultery (John 7:53-8:11)
     (a) Ancient Testimony Concerning the Pericope de Adultera (John 7:53-8:11
     (b) What the Facts of History Indicate
     (c) Misleading Notes in the Modern Versions
     (d) The Silence of the Greek Fathers Explained
     (e) The Internal Evidence
     (f) The Negative Evidence of the Manuscripts and Versions Explained
  5. The Last Twelve Verses of Mark
     (a) The Critics Unable to Develop Satisfactory Theory
     (b) Ancient Evidence Favorable to Mark 16:9-20
     (c) Documents that Omit Mark 16:9-20
     (d) The Negative Evidence of the Documents Inconclusive
     (e) The Alleged Difference in Literary Style
     (f) The Alleged Discrepancy Between Mark 16:9-20 and Mark 16:1-8
     (g) Eusebius' Epistle to Marinus
     (h) Were Heretics Responsible for the Omission of Mark 16:9-20?
   

   

• VII. The Traditional New Testament Text
  1. The Traditional Text Not The Invention of Editors
     (a) The Evidence of Codex W
     (b) The Evidence of Codex A
     (c) The Evidence of the Papyri
     (d) Traditional (Byzantine) Readings in Origen
     (e) The Evidence of The Peshitta Syriac Version
     (f) The Evidence of the Sinaitic Syriac Manuscript
     (g) The Evidence of the Gothic Version
     (h) The "Conflate Readings"
     (i) Alleged Harmonizations in the Traditional Text
     (j) Why the Traditional Text Could Not Have Been Created by Editors
  2. The Traditional Text Not An Official Text
     (a) Wescott and Hort's Theory of the Traditional (Byzantine) Text
     (b) Wescott and Hort's Theory Disproved
     (c) The True Text Never and Official Text
  3. Have Modern Studies Disintegrated The Traditional Text?
     (a) The Researches of von Soden
     (b) The Researches of Kirsopp Lake
     (c) The God-guided Usage of the Church
  4. Why Did The Traditional Text Triumph?
     (a) The Early History of the True Text
     (b) The Triumph of the True New Testament Text (300-1000 A.D.)
     (c) Lost Manuscripts of the Traditional Text
     (d) The Church as an Organism
  5. The Ancient Versions And the Providence of God
     (a) The Providence of God in the Syrian Church
     (b) The Providence of God in the Latin Church
     (c) The Providence of God in the Coptic (Egyptian) Church
     (d) The Trend Toward the Orthodox Traditional Text--How to Explain It?
     (e) The Protestant Reformation--A Meeting of East and West
     (f) A New Reformation--Why the Ingredients Are Still Lacking
   

   

• VIII. The Textus Receptus and the King James Version
  1. Three Alternative Views Of The Textus Receptus (Received Text)
     (a) The Naturalistic, Critical View of the Textus Receptus
     (b) The High Anglican View of the Textus Receptus
     (c) The Orthodox Protestant View of the Textus Receptus
  2. How Erasmus And His Successors Were Guided By The Common Faith
     (a) The Life of Erasmus--A Brief Review
     (b) Erasmus Guided by the Common Faith--Factors Which Influenced Him
     (c) Erasmus' Five Editions of the Textus Receptus
     (d) The Greek Manuscripts Used by Erasmus
     (e) Erasmus' Notes--His Knowledge of Variant Readings and Critical Problems
     (f) Latin Vulgate Readings in the Textus Receptus
     (g) The Human Aspect of the Textus Receptus
     (h) Robert Stephanus--His Four Editions of the Textus Receptus
     (i) Calvin's Comments on the New Testament Text
     (j) Theodor Beza's Ten Editions of the New Testament
     (k) The Elzevir Editions--The Triumph of the Common Faith
  3. The Johannine Comma (1 John 5:7)
     (a) How the Johannine Comma Entered the Textus Receptus
     (b) The Early Evidence of the Johannine Comma
     (c) Is the Johannine Comma an Interpolation?
     (d) Reasons for the Possible Omission of the Johannine Comma
  4. The King James Version
     (a) Forerunners of the King James Version
     (b) How the King James Version Was made--The Six Companies
     (c) The King James Version Translators Providentially Guided--
      Preface to the Reader
     (d) How the Translators Were Providentially Guided--The Marginal Notes
     (e) Revisions of the King James Version--Obsolete Words Eliminated
     (f) Obsolete Words in the King James Version--How to Deal with Them
     (g) Why the King James Version Should be Retained
  5. The Text of the King James Version--Questions and Problems
     (a) The King James Version a Variety of the Textus Receptus
     (b) The Editions of the Textus Receptus Compared--Their Differences Listed
     (c) The King James Old Testament--Variant Readings
     (d) The Headings of the Psalms--Are They Inspired?
     (e) Maximum Certainty Versus Maximum Uncertainty
  6. Modern English Bible Versions--Are They Of God?
     (a) The R.V., the A.S.V., and the N.E.B.
     (b) Contemporary Modern-speech English Bibles
     (c) The King James Version--The Providentially Appointed English Bible
     (d) Which King James Version?--A Feeble Rebuttal
   

   

• IX. Christ's Holy War With Satan
  1. The Gospel And The Logic Of Faith
     (a) The Gospel Is a Message that Must Be Believed
     (b) The Gospel Is a Command that Must Be Obeyed
     (c) The Gospel Is an Assurance that Comforts and Sustains
  2. Hyper-Calvinism And Arminianism Versus The Logic of Faith
     (a) Hyper-Calvinism--An Error of Human Logic
     (b) Arminianism--Another Error of Human Logic
     (c) The Logic of Faith--Christ's Death Sufficient for All Men but
      Efficient for the Elect
  3. The Logic Of Faith And The Christian Thought-System
     (a) The Biblical View of Faith--The Difference Between Faith and Mere Belief
     (b) The Biblical View of the Holy Scriptures--Their Content and History
     (c) The Biblical View of Philosophy and Science--Truth and Fact
     (d) The Biblical View of Politics and Economics--Occupy Till I Come
     (e) Why Believing Bible Students Must Use the King James Version--
      A Recapitulation
  4. Why Satan Cannot Win--God's Eternal Purpose

  Notes